Principles of instruction

• Begin a lesson with a short review of previous learning.
• Present new material in small steps with student practice after each step.
• Limit the amount of material students receive at one time.
• Give clear and detailed instructions and explanations.
• Ask a large number of questions and check for understanding.
• Provide a high level of active practice for all students.
• Guide students as they begin to practice.
• Think aloud and model steps.
• Provide models of worked-out problems.
• Ask students to explain what they had learned.
• Check the responses of all students.
• Provide systematic feedback and corrections.
• Use more time to provide explanations.
• Provide many examples.
• Re-teach material when necessary.
• Prepare students for independent practice.
• Monitor students when they begin independent practice.