The ingredients contributing to data science

Data science

Data science is an interdisciplinary field aiming to turn data into real value. Data may be structured or unstructured, big or small, static or streaming. Value may be provided in the form of predictions, automated decisions, mod- els learned from data, or any type of data visualization delivering insights. Data science includes data extraction, data preparation, data exploration, data transformation, storage and retrieval, computing infrastructures, var- ious types of mining and learning, presentation of explanations and pre- dictions, and the exploitation of results taking into account ethical, social, legal, and business aspects.

The above definition implies that data science is broader than applied statistics and data mining. Data scientists assist organizations in turning data into value. A data scientist can answer a variety of data-driven questions. These can be grouped into the following four main categories:

• (Reporting) What happened?
• (Diagnosis) Why did it happen?
• (Prediction) What will happen?
• (Recommendation) What is the best that can happen?

An example of a customer journey illustrating the many (digital) touchpoints generating events that allow us to understand and serve customers better

Internet of Events

From Big Data to Smart Data, a closed loop

Universum - Urbi et Orbi

Emoções

Computer Science Spectre

Educação

Something's just not right

Hardware Description of Disk Devices

Simplified IR process pipeline

A Comparison of Databases and IR Systems

Computer Science Bibliography

1. Introduction to Algorithms - by Thomas H. Cormen 
2. Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs - by Harold Abelson 
3. The C Programming Language - by Brian W. Kernighan 
4. The Pragmatic Programmer: From Journeyman to Master - by Andy Hunt
5. The Art of Computer Programming, Volumes 1-3 Boxed Set - by Donald Ervin Knuth 
6. Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software - by Erich Gamma 
7. Introduction to the Theory of Computation - by Michael Sipser 
8. Code: The Hidden Language of Computer Hardware and Software - by Charles Petzold 
9. The Mythical Man-Month: Essays on Software Engineering - by Frederick P. Brooks Jr. 
10. Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach - by Stuart Russell 
11. Code Complete - by Steve McConnell 
12. The Protocols (TCP/IP Illustrated, Volume 1) - by W. Richard Stevens 
13. Algorithms - by Robert Sedgewick 
14. Advanced Programming in the UNIX Environment - by W. Richard Stevens 
15. A Discipline of Programming - by Edsger W. Dijkstra 
16. Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages, and Computation - by John E. Hopcroft 
17. Compilers: Principles, Techniques, and Tools - by Alfred V. Aho 
18. Learn You a Haskell for Great Good!: A Beginner's Guide - by Miran Lipovača 
19. The Society of Mind - by Marvin Minsky 
20. Concrete Mathematics: A Foundation for Computer Science - by Ronald L. Graham 
21. An Introduction to Functional Programming Through Lambda Calculus - by Greg Michaelson 
22. The STREAM TONE: The Future of Personal Computing? - by T. Gilling 
23. Fundamental Kotlin - by Miloš Vasić
24. The Algorithm Design Manual - by Steven S. Skiena 
25. Programming Pearls - by Jon L. Bentley 
26. The Elements of Computing Systems: Building a Modern Computer from First Principles - by Noam Nisan 
27. The Psychology of Computer Programming - by Gerald M. Weinberg
28. Applied Cryptography: Protocols, Algorithms, and Source Code in C - by Bruce Schneier 
29. Hacker's Delight - by Henry S. Warren Jr. 
30. Database System Concepts - by Abraham Silberschatz 
31. A First Course in Logic: An Introduction to Model Theory, Proof Theory, Computability, and Complexity - by Shawn Hedman 
32. Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective - by Randal E. Bryant 
33. Basic Proof Theory - by Anne S. Troelstra 
34. Structured Computer Organization - by Andrew S. Tanenbaum 
35. Quality Software Management: Systems Thinking - by Gerald M. Weinberg 
36. Computability and Logic - by George S. Boolos 
37. Waltzing with Bears: Managing Risk on Software Projects - by Tom DeMarco 
38. An Introduction to Database Systems - by C.J. Date 
39. Chaos: Making a New Science - by James Gleick 
40. What Is Life? with Mind and Matter and Autobiographical Sketches - by Erwin Schrödinger 
41. The Annotated Turing: A Guided Tour Through Alan Turing's Historic Paper on Computability and the Turing Machine - by Charles Petzold 
42. Feynman Lectures On Computation - by Richard Feynman 
43. Computational Complexity - by Christos H. Papadimitriou 
44. The Fractal Geometry of Nature - by Benoît B. Mandelbrot 
45. Exploring Requirements: Quality Before Design - by Donald C. Gause 
46. The It Handbook for Business: Managing Information Technology Support Costs - by William C. Couie 
47. Six Degrees: The Science of a Connected Age - by Duncan J. Watts 
48. Computability and Unsolvability - by Martin D. Davis 
49. Communication Networks: Fundamental Concepts and Key Architectures - by Alberto Leon-Garcia 
50. Computability Theory - by S. Barry Cooper 
51. Journey through Genius: The Great Theorems of Mathematics - by William Dunham 
52. The Quark and the Jaguar: Adventures in the Simple and the Complex - by Murray Gell-Mann 
53. Sync: The Emerging Science of Spontaneous Order - by Steven H. Strogatz 
54. How Everything Is Connected to Everything Else and What It Means for Business, Science, and Everyday Life - by Albert-László Barabási 
55. Engines of Creation: The Coming Era of Nanotechnology - by K. Eric Drexler 
56. Refactoring: Improving the Design of Existing Code - by Martin Fowler 
57. Slack: Getting Past Burnout, Busywork, and the Myth of Total Efficiency - by Tom DeMarco 
58. Elements of the Theory of Computation - by Harry R. Lewis 
59. Lambda-Calculus and Combinators: An Introduction - by J. Roger Hindley 
60. Lambda-Calculus, Combinators and Functional Programming - by György E. Révész 
61. Design and Validation of Computer Protocols - by Gerard J. Holzmann 
62. File Structures: An Object-Oriented Approach with C++ - by Michael J. Folk 
63. Debugging: The 9 Indispensable Rules for Finding Even the Most Elusive Software and Hardware Problems - by David J. Agans
64. The Meme Machine - by Susan Blackmore 
65. Does God Play Dice?: The New Mathematics of Chaos - by Ian Stewart 
66. The Strangest Man: The Hidden Life of Paul Dirac, Mystic of the Atom - by Graham Farmelo 
67. The Hidden Connections: A Science for Sustainable Living - by Fritjof Capra 
68. Purely Functional Data Structures - by Chris Okasaki 
69. The Calculus of Computation: Decision Procedures with Applications to Verification - by Aaron R. Bradley 
70. Cracking the Coding Interview: 150 Programming Questions and Solutions - by Gayle Laakmann McDowell 
71. Modern Operating Systems - by Andrew S. Tanenbaum 
72. Algorithm Design - by Jon Kleinberg 
73. Source Code Optimization Techniques For Data Flow Dominated Embedded Software - by Heiko Falk 
74. Advanced Compiler Design and Implementation - by Steven S. Muchnick 
75. A Practical Introduction to Computer Architecture - by Daniel Page 
76. Patterns of Enterprise Application Architecture - by Martin Fowler 
77. The Science of Liberty: Democracy, Reason and the Laws of Nature - by Timothy Ferris 
78. Reinventing Discovery: The New Era of Networked Science - by Michael Nielsen
79. On Growth and Form - by D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson 
80. Cycles of Time: An Extraordinary New View of the Universe - by Roger Penrose 
81. Chances Are . . .: Adventures in Probability - by Michael Kaplan 
82. Angels and Ages: A Short Book About Darwin, Lincoln, and Modern Life - by Adam Gopnik 
83. Total Recall: How the E-Memory Revolution Will Change Everything - by C. Gordon Bell 
84. Annoying: The Science of What Bugs Us - by Joe Palca 
85. Collider: The Search for the World's Smallest Particles - by Paul Halpern
86. Denialism: How Irrational Thinking Hinders Scientific Progress, Harms the Planet, and Threatens Our Lives - by Michael Specter 
87. Six Impossible Things Before Breakfast: The Evolutionary Origins of Belief 
88. by Lewis Wolpert 
89. The Pleasure Instinct: Why We Crave Adventure, Chocolate, Pheromones, and Music 
90. by Gene Wallenstein 
91. Shadows of the Mind: A Search for the Missing Science of Consciousness - by Roger Penrose 
92. The Age of Entanglement: When Quantum Physics Was Reborn - by Louisa Gilder 
93. The Clockwork Universe: Isaac Newton, the Royal Society, and the Birth of the Modern World - by Edward Dolnick 
94. Quantum Man: Richard Feynman's Life in Science - by Lawrence M. Krauss 
95. The Day We Found the Universe - by Marcia Bartusiak 
96. A New Kind of Science - by Stephen Wolfram 
97. Letters to a Young Mathematician - by Ian Stewart 
98. A History of π - by Petr Beckmann 
99. Out of Control: The New Biology of Machines, Social Systems, and the Economic World - by Kevin Kelly 
100. The User Illusion: Cutting Consciousness Down to Size - by Tor Nørretranders 
101. Programming the Universe: A Quantum Computer Scientist Takes on the Cosmos - by Seth Lloyd 
102. Biology as Ideology: The Doctrine of DNA - by Richard C. Lewontin 
103. The End of Time: The Next Revolution in Our Understanding of the Universe - by Julian Barbour 
104. A World Without Time: The Forgotten Legacy of Gödel And Einstein - by Palle Yourgrau 
105. Dreams of a Final Theory: The Scientist's Search for the Ultimate Laws of Nature - by Steven Weinberg 
106. The Trouble with Physics: The Rise of String Theory, the Fall of a Science and What Comes Next - by Lee Smolin 
107. Your Brain at Work: Strategies for Overcoming Distraction, Regaining Focus, and Working Smarter All Day Long - by David Rock 
108. Unequal Protection: The Rise of Corporate Dominance and the Theft of Human Rights - by Thom Hartmann 
109. Poor Charlie's Almanack: The Wit and Wisdom of Charles T. Munger - by Charles T. Munger 
110. Eight Little Piggies: Reflections in Natural History - by Stephen Jay Gould 
111. The Smart Swarm: How Understanding Flocks, Schools, and Colonies Can Make Us Better at Communicating, Decision Making, and Getting Things Done - by Peter Miller 
112. Emergence: The Connected Lives of Ants, Brains, Cities, and Software - by Steven Johnson 
113. The Body Has a Mind of Its Own: How Body Maps in Your Brain Help You Do (Almost) Everything Better - by Sandra Blakeslee 
114. The Age of Empathy: Nature's Lessons for a Kinder Society - by Frans de Waal 
115. Wholeness and the Implicate Order - by David Bohm 
116. The Structure of Evolutionary Theory - by Stephen Jay Gould 
117. The Evolution of Cooperation - by Robert Axelrod 
118. Philosophy in the Flesh: The Embodied Mind and its Challenge to Western Thought - by George Lakoff 
119. Quantum: Einstein, Bohr and the Great Debate About the Nature of Reality - by Manjit Kumar 
120. The Theory of Almost Everything: The Standard Model, the Unsung Triumph of Modern Physics - by Robert Oerter 
121. Seeking Wisdom: From Darwin To Munger - by Peter Bevelin 
122. The Master and His Emissary: The Divided Brain and the Making of the Western World - by Iain McGilchrist 
123. Complexity, adaptive leadership, phase transitions, and new emergent order: A case study of the Northwest Texas Conference of the United Methodist Church. - by Bryan D. Sims 
124. Managing Business Complexity: Discovering Strategic Solutions with Agent-Based Modeling and Simulation - by Michael J. North 
125. The Emperor's Nightingale: How the Emerging Dynamics of Corporate Complexity Will Restore Life in the New Millennium - by Robert A.G. Monks
126. Machines, Languages, And Complexity: 5th International Meeting Of Young Computer Scientists, Smolenice, Czechoslovakia, November 14 18, 1988: Selected Contributions - by Jürgen Dassow
127. Regional Pathways to Complexity: Settlement and Land-Use Dynamics in Early Italy from the Bronze Age to the Republican Period - by Peter Attema 
128. Nonlinear Dynamics of Chaotic and Stochastic Systems: Tutorial and Modern Developments. Springer Complexity, Springer Series in Synergetics. - by Vadim S. Anishchenko 
129. Complexity Theory and the Management of Networks: Proceedings of the Workshop on Organisational Networks as Distributed Systems of Knowledge - by Pierpaolo Andriani
130. The New Economy and Macroeconomic Stability: A Neo-Modern Perspective Drawing on the Complexity Approach and Keynesian Economics - by Dario Togati 
131. Applications of Automata Theory and Algebra: Via the Mathematical Theory of Complexity to Biology, Physics, Psychology, Philosophy, and Games - by John L. Rhodes 
132. The Effective Organization: Practical Application of Complexity Theory and Organizational Design to Maximize Performance in the Face of Emerging Events - by Dennis A. Tafoya 
133. AI Approaches to the Complexity of Legal Systems: Complex Systems, the Semantic Web, Ontologies, Argumentation, and Dialogue - by Pompeu Casanovas 
134. Resource Efficiency Complexity and the Commons: The Paracommons and Paradoxes of Natural Resource Losses, Wastes and Wastages - by Bruce Lankford 
135. On the (Im)Possibility of Business Ethics: Critical Complexity, Deconstruction, and Implications for Understanding the Ethics of Business - by Minka Woermann  

Common Exponential Distributions and their Sufficient Statistics

Traditional Programming x Machine Learning

3D Euclidean Distance

Scatter plots illustrating correlations from -1 to1

Amostragem

General Types of Sampling